Accidents in Abu Dhabi free essay sample

Accidents can take place anytime anywhere in the world. Most of the accidents result in the death of some people. This paper briefly explains accidents in general and accidents in Abu Dhabi in particular Introduction An accident is an unexpected thing. It can occur anytime anywhere unintentionally due to unintended external action. Examples of accidents include road accidents, fire accidents unintended collisions or falls, being injured by touching something sharp, hot, or electrical, or ingesting poison. Accidents always bring negative results like injuries, and death of human beings and also it can destroy immense amount of wealth as well. Most of the accidents are occurred due to the negligence from the part of some people. In some cases the accidents could have been avoided if the authorities were able to perform their duties. For example, most of the road accidents are caused by the negligence of the drivers or the pedestrians. We will write a custom essay sample on Accidents in Abu Dhabi or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If the authorities were able to implement the laws strictly, many accidents could have been avoided. Over speed is one of the major factors of the road accidents. If the laws were strictly enforced, such accidents could have been reduced in number. In most cases of the accidents, innocent people were the victims. The culprits may be escaped. For example in some road accidents the vehicles may run over the crossing pedestrians. The culprit driver may be escaped in this case while the innocent people may be killed. The culprit driver might have been driven the vehicle under the influence of alcohol or he might have been slept while driving. In any case the accidents may often bring unexpected results; either injuries and death or destruction of property or wealth. Accidents in Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi accidents are mostly related to road accidents. The huge number of vehicles in the road made it almost impossible for the smooth functioning of the transport system in Abu Dhabi. Most of the roads are always filled with vehicles especially in the morning and evening times. Even though traffic control police were always on duty, the huge number of vehicles made their task almost ineffective. â€Å"Early this morning on the highway that connects Abu Dhabi and Dubai, around 200 cars were involved in a mass traffic accident that has reportedly left six people dead and hundreds injured. Weather conditions were a factor in the accident, as a thick morning fog apparently reduced vision, which led to motorists driving full speed into the pile up one after another (Neff, March 11, 2008) Weather conditions like natural causes also is a major cause for accidents in UAE roads. The extreme foggy conditions especially during morning times may make the driving impossible. Only the inexperienced drivers will take the risk of driving in these conditions and will cause accidents. Apart from road accidents, construction site accidents are also common in Abu Dhabi. Lots of construction works and real estate developments are going on in UAE, especially in Abu Dhabi and Dubai. Unskilled workers from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka like countries are working in the real estate sector and hence most of the victims are from these countries.    Fire accidents are other common accidents in Abu Dhabi. Warehouses and industrial units are mostly affected by the fire accidents. Most of the fire accidents are as a result of negligence or electric short circuit. Conclusion Accidents are common everywhere in the world. Most of the accidents happen unexpectedly. Abu Dhabi is also not an exception. Here the common accidents are road accidents, construction site accidents and fire accidents. References Neff   John,   (2008) Accident involving 200+ cars occurs on Abu Dhabi-Dubai highway, Retrieved on March 17, 2009 from http://www.autoblog.com/2008/03/11/accident-involving-200-cars-occurs-on-abu-dhabi-dubai-highway/

Free Essays on Sibling Of Autistic Child

Interview: I interviewed my nine year old son who is the younger sibling of a high functioning eleven year old, also my son, with Asperger’s Syndrome and a touch of Autism. Subject Being Interviewed: Nicky Fasulo, age 9. His older brother, Marc Fasulo, was diagnosed in kindergarten as mildly retarded and moderately autistic. This label was updated in third grade to Asperger’s Syndrome. Most people who meet Marc and work with him believe that he still has a touch of autism mixed in with his Asperger tendencies. The Interview: Q: Do you know what autism means? Asperger’s Syndrome? A: It is hard to explain but, you have problems with thinking stuff through and need lots of space. Sometimes kids like this can’t talk or eat. My brother can talk but, he needs a special class at school to help him and he sometimes can’t get all of his word out so easily. His brain has trouble thinking and he gets really mad when that happens. Q. How different do you think it is having an older brother who has such a disability like this? A: It is harder for me having a brother with this kind of disability. I can’t just play with him like a normal kid most of the time. I always have to worry if he is having a bad day and if he will get mad at me for no reason. Sometimes he won’t play with me the right way and I get mad at him. Q: Do you understand why your brother Marc is different? A: Yes, he was born that way. Q: Do you think Marc is smart? A: Yeah and he is lucky because he is able to talk and stuff. A lot of kids with autism are not as smart as him and can’t talk at all. My brother is good at video games too and wins a lot. Q: What is your favorite thing about Marc? A: He is nice to me a lot and is a good person. I also like watching him beat up all the bad guys and the bosses on the Gamecube games and the Playstaion 2 games. He is the master at playing video games. Q: What is ... Free Essays on Sibling Of Autistic Child Free Essays on Sibling Of Autistic Child Interview: I interviewed my nine year old son who is the younger sibling of a high functioning eleven year old, also my son, with Asperger’s Syndrome and a touch of Autism. Subject Being Interviewed: Nicky Fasulo, age 9. His older brother, Marc Fasulo, was diagnosed in kindergarten as mildly retarded and moderately autistic. This label was updated in third grade to Asperger’s Syndrome. Most people who meet Marc and work with him believe that he still has a touch of autism mixed in with his Asperger tendencies. The Interview: Q: Do you know what autism means? Asperger’s Syndrome? A: It is hard to explain but, you have problems with thinking stuff through and need lots of space. Sometimes kids like this can’t talk or eat. My brother can talk but, he needs a special class at school to help him and he sometimes can’t get all of his word out so easily. His brain has trouble thinking and he gets really mad when that happens. Q. How different do you think it is having an older brother who has such a disability like this? A: It is harder for me having a brother with this kind of disability. I can’t just play with him like a normal kid most of the time. I always have to worry if he is having a bad day and if he will get mad at me for no reason. Sometimes he won’t play with me the right way and I get mad at him. Q: Do you understand why your brother Marc is different? A: Yes, he was born that way. Q: Do you think Marc is smart? A: Yeah and he is lucky because he is able to talk and stuff. A lot of kids with autism are not as smart as him and can’t talk at all. My brother is good at video games too and wins a lot. Q: What is your favorite thing about Marc? A: He is nice to me a lot and is a good person. I also like watching him beat up all the bad guys and the bosses on the Gamecube games and the Playstaion 2 games. He is the master at playing video games. Q: What is ...

Mens Rea Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mens Rea - Personal Statement Example He was perhaps in his early thirties medium height and bearded face. What stood out to me at the moment was that he wore well fitted tan suit. I presumed that he was a business man of some sort. Like most in this particular coffee shop, he sat on his chair busily minding his lap top and scribbling on his note pad. He next began talking to himself. I privately concluded that he was a journalist preparing for an interview. My notion was dashed when I noticed a bewildered expression cross his features. He glanced around, panic stricken with eyes darting about. It was almost as if he did not realize where he was. I spent a minute watching him look about like a caged animal and found myself compelled to assist him. Standing with latte in hand, I strode over to assist and en route asked "Are you ok" "Do you need help with something" He stood, the same animal, now cowering but yelling "YOU'RE TRESPASSING, YOU'RE IN MY SPACE". I quickly apologized and left the caf. I consoled myself noting that this man in the nice suit needed some serious couch time. Maybe he was in the middle of a panic attack, I surmised. Yet I wondered was I trespassing If a police officer had been in the caf, would I have been charged I was only trying to help so why did he use that specific legal termtrespassing. Determined to not have my day ruined, I chalked up the experience to a gross misunderstanding by a tortured soul and proceeded about my business. Putting the episode behind me I strolled south on Boston street when suddenly some greenish hued paper caught my eye. To my delight there was a five dollar bill lying on the ground utterly abandoned. I took a moment and looked around me to see if perhaps there was someone searching for it. Nope, the money was mine. I smiled knowing that karma was now on my side and leaned down to pick it up. Suddenly, this screeching voice hurled an accusation and I found myself confronted by flip flops commandeered by toes in desperate need of a pedicure. "You took my Money"!!! My stomach lurched, not again! What is going on today I rose to a tall woman maybe in her middle twenties with black hair wearing blue short shorts and a tank top and flip flops standing there. Setting aside for a moment the fact that she had absolutely no business wearing short shorts, I was being yelled at by this crazy woman with her perfectly lacquered talons waving in my face. Transfixed and trapped by the talons, I quickly returned the five dollars to her muttering an apology. I didn't want any trouble. The woman screamed, "You're lucky you gave it back, I can still call the cops!" I sensed her aggression and replied with, "so sorry ma'am". I could not believe this was happening. If I didn't know better I'd swear I was on candid camera. I wondered what was happening and praying that it would change. I turned around to make my exit and trotted towards the park. It's peaceful there, I concluded. Eyes forward because now I am convinced that the whole town thinks that I am a criminal and I am horrified to see the looks on their faces, I continue my trot. I remind myself that the park is a safe place, a happy place, a peaceful place. Yes, only good things happen in the park and dammit I left my latte back with Ms. Shorty shorts. Should I get another Nah, better just get to the park. I had about three more blocks to go before I reached the park. The whole time I kept repeating positive affirmations

What are the causes and effects of obesity Essay

What are the causes and effects of obesity - Essay Example This essay "What are the causes and effects of obesity?" outlines the major reasons for obesity and its impact on the health of the person who suffers from this health condition. It is surprising that many regions that registered high poverty rates in the past are now making headlines with the alarming obesity rates. Evidently, unhealthy eating habits are a leading contributor to the increasing rates of obesity. Notably, many people living in the developed and developing world consume unhealthy foods. There is a remarkable high preference for food products that have high sugar content instead of whole food (Gustafson 2015, n.p). The increased consumption of soft drinks and high-fat content food has also contributed to the development of obesity in many parts of the globe. According to the Word Obesity Federation, unhealthy eating habits have contributed to an energy imbalance in the body. The globe registers a higher level of food consumption. For this reason, the intake of calories is higher than the body requires (Abc.net.au 2015, n.p). People are slowly becoming used to large food portions without considering the recommended calorie intake required for their body and age. The preference for high-energy food serves to increase the energy imbalance in the body. Lack of physical exercise is an additional cause of the increasing rates of obesity. Many people are adopting a sedentary lifestyle with little or no exercise at all. The world has moved into a new technology level, eliminating the value of physical labour.

Workplace Violence in Health Institutions Term Paper

Workplace Violence in Health Institutions - Term Paper Example These guidelines include recommendations for recognizing risk factors, management commitment and employee involvement, work site analysis, hazard prevention and control, and safety and health training. Violence against Health Workers The levels of violence against healthcare staff have become a concern in recent years. More and more healthcare staffs face the prospect of violence and aggression in the workplace, not only from the people they care for, but from strangers and families. Although there is a high risk of work place violence across all healthcare occupations, most indicators suggest that it is the nursing profession that is most at risk, followed closely by ambulance and medical staff. (Linsley, 2006, pgs. 7-8) nurses are especially vulnerable to violence in high risk areas of practice such as the emergency department and psychatric settings (Dempski & Westrick, 2008, pg. 237) This paper seeks to addreses the spectrum of violent behaviors in health care, including violence directed horizontally or vertically between healthcare providers or violence focused on nurses from patients, families, and visitors. In addition, it will give a brief explanation of the types of violence experienced by nurses at their place of work, the risk factors, the various ways through which workplace violence affects the workers as well as the steps and measures which can be undertaken to reduce the impact and effects of workplace violence or minimize their chances of occurence and reoccurance. Types of Violence in Healthcare Settings Healthcare and social service workers for many years have confronted significant risks of job-related violence. Assaults in particular represent serious safety threats and health hazards for this field, and violence against... Healthcare and social service workers for many years have confronted significant risks of job-related violence. Assaults in particular represent serious safety threats and health hazards for this field, and violence against their workers increasingly continues to manifest. Healthcare settings are at risk for a variety of violent behaviours. Violence may be manifested as verbal abuse, sexual harassment, racial harassment, bullying, property damage, threats, murder, and physical assault. In 2000, almost half of all nonfatal injuries from violent acts against workers occurred in the healthcare sector. These injuries include, bruises, lacerations, broken bones, and head injuries. There are also other forms of violence such as lateral and horizontal violence which frequently occur in healthcare agencies. Lateral violence is a form of bullying, nurse to nurse, and is usually directed toward nursing staff perceived as less powerful. This includes bullying which encompasses barrage behaviour s which include being harassed, tormented, ignored, sabotaged, put down, and insulted among others. This form of violence is tolerated because many nurses experience it as a rite of passage and regard it as normal.Risk Factors. Health care providers, especially so, nurses deal with a greater than before risk of work-related physical attack. A number of factors have been identified as causal factors, while they do not cause violence directly, they have an impact on it and can enhance its effects.  

Emotional Intelligence Essay

Emotional Intelligence Essay An individual experiences varied emotions. Happiness, fear, anger, affection, shame, disgust, surprise, lust, sadness, elation, love, frustration, anxiety, failure, achievement, etc. are just e few emotions that affect our day to day activity. Satisfaction with the presentation of good work, exhilaration on achieving an accolade, the pride in helping a colleague, anger with not being recognized, frustration with the procrastination of recommendations suggested, anxiety about meeting deadlines are just a few emotions an individual feels at work. The human brain is programmed to respond to such emotions. This is when an individuals emotional intelligence comes into play, which helps them acknowledge their emotional instinct and guides them in acting in a rational manner (Management Checklists, 2002). The phrase emotional intelligence was coined by Yale psychologist Peter Salovey and the University of New Hampshires John Mayer in 1990 to describe qualities like understanding ones own feelings, empathy for the feelings of others and directing emotions in order to enhance life (Gibbs, 1995). They distinguished it from IQ, which determined whether people would be successful in school. The concept of emotional intelligence gained popularity through Daniel Golemans books on the topic. It focused on an array of non-cognitive abilities of people that help in adapting to the various aspects of life. Goleman stated that human competencies played a bigger role in determining success in life and workplace rather than cognitive intelligence. However, Mayer, Salovey and Goleman were not the first to recognise the significance of emotional intelligence because years before managers, educators, and other professionals, these attributes were more generic and colloquially termed as people skills ( Ruderman et al, 2001). According to Daniel Goleman (1998), Emotional Intelligence is the capacity for recognizing our own feelings and those of others, for motivating ourselves, and for managing emotions well in ourselves and in our relationships. Emotional intelligence describes abilities distinct from, but complementary to, academic intelligence. On the other hand, Dr. Dalip Singh (2003) provides an Indian perspective to emotional intelligence that states it as the ability of an individual to appropriately and successfully respond to a vast variety of emotional inputs being elicited from inner self and immediate environment. Emotional intelligence constitutes three psychological dimensions such as emotional competency, emotional maturity and emotional sensitivity, which motivate an individual to recognize truthfully, interpret honestly and handle tactfully the dynamics of human behaviour. Conceptualisation of Emotional Intelligence Anybody can become angry that is easy, but to be angry with the right person and to the right degree and at the right time and for the right purpose, and in the right way that is not within everybodys power and is not easy. -Aristotle Figure 1: Conceptualisation of Emotional Intelligence (Salovey Mayer, 1990) Appraisal and Expression of Emotion Regulation of Emotion Utilisation of Emotion Self Other Verbal Nonverbal Nonverbal Perception Empathy In Self In Others Flexible Planning Motivation Redirected Attention Creative Thinking Emotional Intelligence There are varied studies based on emotional intelligence. Although, these studies are diverse, they are rooted more or less to a similar concept. Figure 1 demonstrates an outline of the basic concept of emotional intelligence, as described by Peter Salovey and John Mayer in their article Emotional Intelligence (1990). Framework of Emotional Intelligence Mind is very restless, forceful and strong, O Krishna, it is more difficult to control the mind than to control the wind -The Bhagvad Gita A Western Perspective: Figure 2: Components of Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman Emotional Intelligence Self Awareness Self Management Social Competence Relationship Management Emotional Self-Awareness Accurate Self-Assessment Self-Confidence Emotional Self-Control Transparency Adaptability Achievement Initiative Conscientious Empathy Organisational Awareness Service Orientation Developing Others Inspirational Leadership Change Catalyst Influence Conflict Management Teamwork and Collaboration Self-Awareness concerns knowing ones internal states, preferences, resources, and intuitions. The There are various frameworks on emotional intelligence. However, given below is a summary of Daniel Golemans framework, referred from his book The Emotionally Intelligent Workplace (2001) and the Emotional Competence Inventory: Technical Manual (Wolff, 2005). Daniel Goleman in association with the Hay Group identified eighteen components of emotional intelligence that were grouped into four clusters. The four clusters are namely Self-Awareness, Self-Management, Social Awareness, and Relationship Management. Self-Awareness: Self-Awareness is knowing what one feels and how it reflects on performance. The cluster contains three competencies. Emotional Awareness: It is important to identify and recognise ones own feelings and know how they affect ones performance. Self-Awareness is key to realizing ones own strengths and weaknesses. Accurate Self-Assessment: Is knowing ones strengths and limits. It is important for individuals to be aware of their abilities and limitations, seek out feedback and learn from their mistakes, and know where they need to improve and when to work with others who have complementary strengths Self-Confidence: It is a strong sense of ones self-worth and capabilities. Self-confidence is a positive trait that plays a large role in personal and professional success. Self-Management: Self-management refers to managing ones internal states, impulses, and resources. The Self-Management cluster contains six competencies: Emotional Self-Control: This involves keeping disruptive emotions and impulses in check. It is the absence of distress and disruptive feelings. Signs of this competence include being unfazed in stressful situations or dealing with a hostile person without lashing out in return. Employees who possess such virtues try to merge personal goals with organisational goal. Transparency: Is about maintaining integrity and acting congruently with ones values. Transparent individuals are forthright about their own mistakes and confront others about their lapses Adaptability: Flexibility in handling change is known as adaptability. This is one of the most important components presently. An individual needs to be open to new information and can let go of old assumptions and so adapt how they operate. This is very important for innovation and growth. Achievement: It is the drive in an individual, which strives to improve or meet standards of excellence. Optimism is a key ingredient of achievement because it can determine ones reaction to unfavourable events or circumstances; those with high achievement are proactive and persistent, have an optimistic attitude toward setbacks, and operate from hope of success. Initiative: It is the readiness to act on opportunities. It involves taking anticipatory action to avoid problems before they happen or taking advantage of opportunities before they are visible to anyone else. Individuals who lack Initiative are reactive rather than proactive, lacking the farsightedness that can make the critical difference between a wise decision and a poor one. Conscientious: It includes being careful, self-disciplined, and scrupulous in attending to responsibilities It also involves persistence in pursuing goals despite obstacles and setbacks Social Awareness: Social awareness refers to how people handle relationships and awareness of others feelings, needs, and concerns. The Social Awareness cluster contains three competencies: Empathy: Empathy is sensing others feelings and perspectives, and taking an active interest in their concerns. Empathetic individual sense others emotions through facial expressions and non-verbal modes. This sensitivity to others is critical for superior job performance whenever the focus is on interactions with people. Organizational Awareness: It involves reading a groups emotional currents and power relationships. It is vital to the behind-the-scenes networking and coalition building that allows individuals to wield influence, no matter what their professional role. Service Orientation: Service orientation is about anticipating, recognizing, and meeting customers needs. This empathetic strategy talks about a long-term perspective that involves trading off immediate gains in order to preserve customer relationships. Relationship Management: Relationship management concerns the skill or adeptness at inducing desirable responses in others. It includes social skills. The Relationship Management cluster contains six competencies. Developing Others: This component involves sensing others development needs and bolstering their abilities. It is a talent of not just of excellent coaches and mentors, but also outstanding leaders. It is not only crucial for front-line managers but also vital for leadership at top levels. Inspirational Leadership: This component is about inspiring and guiding individuals and groups. It draws on a range of personal skills to inspire others, in order to achieve common goals. Outstanding leadership integrates emotional realities and install them with meaning and resonance Change Catalyst: Initiating or managing change is known as change catalyst. Employees must be able to recognize the need for change, remove barriers, challenge the status quo, and enlist others in pursuit of new initiatives. Influence: Influence is wielding effective tactics for persuasion. The influence can be in forms of persuasion strategies, impression management, dramatic arguments or actions, and appeals to reason. Employees must sense others reactions and alter their own responses such that it diverts interaction in the best direction. Conflict Management: Conflict management is all about negotiating and resolving disagreements. Listening and empathizing are crucial to this skill. Difficult situations need to be dealt with diplomacy, encouraging debate and open discussion, and thus coordinate a symbiotic situation. Teamwork Collaboration: It is about working with others toward shared goals. It involves creating group synergy in pursuing collective goals. Teamwork itself depends on the collective EI of its member. An Indian Perspective: Figure 3: Component of Emotional Intelligence by Dr. Dalip Singh Emotional Intelligence Emotional Competency Emotional Maturity Emotional Sensitivity Tackling Emotional Upsets High Self Esteem Tactful Response to Emotional Stimuli Handling Egoism Self Awareness Developing Others Delaying Gratification Adaptability and Flexibility Understanding the Threshold of Emotional Arousal Empathy Improving Interpersonal Relationships Communicability of Emotions In his book Emotional Intelligence at Work (2006), Dr Dalip Singh provides an Indian framework of emotional intelligence. He states that emotional intelligence is constituted of 3 psychological dimensions- emotional competency, emotional maturity and emotional sensitivity. Emotional Competency: It is the capacity of an individual to tactfully respond to emotional stimuli, have high self-esteem, tackle emotional upsets, manage ego, and therefore be able to enjoy emotions, relate to others; have emotional self-control and thus succeed as an individual. Tackling emotional upsets: Frustration, inferiority complexes, stress, exhaustion, fear, anger, sadness, conflicts, etc. poses as hindrances. By managing and channelizing these emotions in a positive manner, is being emotionally competent. High Self-Esteem: Having high self-esteem can help deal with criticism and challenges. Optimism is one such way of boosting self esteem. This helps perceive challenges and criticism as learning opportunities and increases confidence, which results in individual growth and improvement. Tactful Response to Emotional Stimuli: This means being creative and practical towards emotions, which are caused because of the self, and the external environment. An emotionally intelligent employee will try to manipulate the ongoing environment to his/her advantage by reacting appropriately. Handling Egoism: All emotional conduct is bound by self-interest. By being egoistic, one may have problems in interpersonal relationships. Taking initiative to sort out an issue based on ego is a sign of emotional competence. Emotional Maturity: The ability of an individual to evaluate emotions of self and others, develop others, delay gratification of immediate psychological satisfaction; and be adaptable and flexible. Self-Awareness: It involves recognition of emotions and identifying them as strengths and weaknesses. This enables an individual to help identify emotions in others as well, thus improving effectiveness of interpersonal relationships. Developing Others: By recognising the ability of other individuals, one may involve other peers in projects, etc. and thus produce an enhanced level of activity. Delaying Gratification: By exhibiting patience and learning to control emotions, one can delay gratification. This helps in judging how to handle the situation more effectively without being rash. Adaptability and Flexibility: Knowing when and how to make decisions are essential emotional skills. Adapting to the situation in accordance is extremely important. It is also very important to be flexible during various situations Emotional Sensitivity: Sensitivity is ability to respond to affective changes in your interpersonal environment. Emotional sensitivity constitutes understanding the threshold of emotional arousal, managing the immediate environment and creating a comfortable environment within a group. Understanding the Threshold of Emotion Arousal: It is important to understand the relationship between feelings and action. One must understand the cause behind the emotion. Empathy: Empathy is the ability to sense the feelings of others. It helps share and accept another persons feelings. By having empathy one can distinguish between own personal judgements and reactions and the emotions of others. Improving Interpersonal Relations: By developing interpersonal relations, a positive environment is created. To build such an ambience one must inculcate trust, confidence and reliance. This leads to success in a workplace. Communicability of Emotions: It is important to communicate emotions. It is vital to communicate emotions with confidence and self-respect. Negative emotions can convey pessimism, bitterness suspicion and inferiority therefore, it is important to communicate emotions positively. A Spiritual Perspective of Emotional Intelligence from the Bhagvad Gita Emotions are reflective of a societys weakness and strengths and can be disruptive and interfering when displayed at a wrong time. However, when expressed constructively it can play a role in organisational effectiveness. The ancient sacred teachings of the Bhagvad Gita can enlighten an employee to identify, interpret and apply emotions in their personal and professional life. Hinduism advocates that a man should first seek wisdom and thereafter pursue material ambition. In order to achieve self-realisation, one must have perfect emotional self-control. The Indian scriptures state that our senses are like wild horses, the body its chariot and the mind its reins. Intellect is the driver. The Atman is the Lord of the chariot. If the senses are not kept under proper control, they will throw this chariot into a deep abyss. He/she who keeps the reins firm and drives this chariot intelligently by controlling the horses (senses) will reach the destination (Moksha or the Abode of Eternal Bliss) safely. The Gita states that renunciation should be a goal of an individual, but renunciation does not imply on shrugging off any duties to society. It further states that work that gives peace and joy is right and which brings depression and restlessness in wrong. An individual with high emotional intelligence can judge right from wrong. Present day life makes it convenient for people to suppress and avoid emotions but it is important to connect with these emotions, but if emotions are strangers to people, they will not enjoy a rich and satisfying life. Connecting to emotions brings a state wholeness to mind and body and this state is known as emotionally competent. In order to achieve harmony at a workplace and elsewhere, the Bhagvad Gita identifies the following areas on: how to succeed how to resolve conflicts jealousy- its origin and fallout standing for righteousness (dharma) believing in the path of action (karma) tackling emotional upsets effectively How to succeed: The concept of emotional intelligence and its role in success has been explained in the Gita. It states that there are two paths to success in life- knowledge and desire. Knowledge is the rational mind while desire is the emotional mind. Knowledge helps distinguish between fact and fantasy. Desire is the cause of bondage and the mind must control the desire for objects of pleasure under control. The rational mind faces the object and this is known as the objective mind (Manas in Sanskrit). Modern day psychologists term it as IQ. Desire on the other hand is an emotional response to the immediate environment and drives a person to satisfy the desire. With desire comes attachment, with which comes passion, with which comes desire again. When desire is not fulfilled, it induces anger. Anger causes loss of memory and loss of memory, which causes loss of wisdom n brings ruin. Therefore, one must not desire for world pleasures and suppress their desires. The inner mind is called the subject ive mind (Buddhi in Sanskrit) and modern day termed as EQ. In fact, it hints that IQ superior than EQ, contrary to modern philosophy. However, this may be interpreted by saying that certain emotions lead us to depression, anger, jealousy and the wrong path, which should be suppressed, while contrasting emotions lead us to harmony and self-esteem and should be encouraged. Emotions therefore need to be harnessed and directed so that the mind and therefore the individual finds peace. In such an individual, the objective (IQ) and the subjective mind (EQ) are in unison and the mind is disciplined. Nevertheless, recent research shows that EQ plays a more dominant role in attaining success than IQ. The Gita also defines emotions based on the concept of the 3 moods (Gunas), which are Unactivity (Sattwa- perfect purity), Activity (Rajas- dusky colour) and Inactivity (Tamas- foul darkness). The mind is in Sattwa, it is purified from all Rajas and Tamas and the individual experiences inner peace and happiness. These moods are in different proportions in individuals and reflect different personalities. For e.g. an employee with heavy Tamas (low EI) will be detrimental for the organisation and therefore should learn to be emotional sensitive in recognising the ongoing environment, which will help discard wrong impulses and attain righteous behaviour. How to resolve conflict: The background of the Bhagvad Gita is flooded with conflict. Arjuna has to fight his kinsmen for justice. This brings a feeling of grave depression, dejection and fear to Arjuna and he begins to tremble with anxiety. In such an emotionally charged setting, his emotions and his concepts of duty confuse him and he decides to quit. He turns to Lord Krishna who tells him that disgrace would fall upon him if he ran away from the battlefield. Krishna motivates Arjuna to get up and fight and made him realise his inner strengths and competences so that he could walk the righteous path. Arjuna then acted emotionally intelligent by fighting the war inspite of his emotional bonding with his enemies. He was firm with conviction and displayed emotional maturity. He proved that being emotional does not indicate weakness. In the same way, employees can re-energise themselves when they are de-motivated because of conflict. The Gita epitomises the mental conflicts and dilemmas of individuals with a p urpose and their resolution that leads to affirmative action. Everyday, employees of an organisation face emotional and mental conflict in their workplace. The Gita offers a message for practical living one of philosophical sublimation and mental transcendence. Jealousy- Its origin and fallout: Jealousy is an omnipresent emotion that condemns rationality and encourages feeling of aggression, dejection and inferiority. Negative emotions like jealousy also help re-energises a de-motivated mind. The Mahabharata has an array of instances of jealousy. Dronacharya favoured Arjuna over the other Pandavas and Kauravas because of his perseverance and skill at archery. This made Duryodhana jealous and ill feelings for the Pandavas grew in his heart. Duryodhana fell victim to this jealousy and laid out evil plots for the Pandavas which eventually led to the Mahabharat. The story highlights that emotions jealous brings about emotions like hate, revenge, fear, anger, apprehension, shock, depression on one hand and dedication, concentration and motivation on the other. Jealous brings about feelings of inferiority and ego in employees and if not handled in time, may manifest into aggression, hate and revenge. Secret hatred turns into bitterness, says the Gita. Jealousy develops when individuals feel they are criticised unfairly. Emotional competence negates the impact of jealousy, emotional maturity does not allow negativity to develop and emotional sensitivity helps understand the threshold of the emotion and appropriate response to it. Nonetheless, jealousy can be harness to facilitate healthy competition and personal growth. Employees must practice to create positive relations with each other. This will also help become ethical. Peacefulness and selflessness build a mature and tranquil personality. Stand for righteousness (Dharma): Dharma is a system of morality, duty, charity, etc. Human beings are expected to follow Dharma till their last breath. The infamous game of dice in the Mahabharata, where the Kauravas disrobed and insulted Draupadi in front of a full assembly, after she was lost to them in a game of dice, tells us a tale on Dharma. It is observed that powerful characters of the Mahabharata- Bhishma, Dhornacharya and Vidura failed to protect their Dharma in the event of adversity. They stayed silent as the Kauravas committed atrocities on Draupadi. The argument of Bhishma being bound to the throne and Dhronacharya and Vidura duties toward King Dhritarashtra is weak. The ill treatment of Draupadi, is symbolic of the insecurities of women in todays society and the silence of Bhishma, Vidura and Dhronacharya shows the inability of individuals to manage their emotions and stand up for righteousness. In todays world, it is not common to see straightforward employees keep silent about irregularities and misconduct in a business. They succumb to such situations and fail to stand up for a righteous cause. By following the righteous path, one will display emotional sensitivity toward social evils and emotional maturity in standing up to them. This would be an emotionally intelligent response. Believing in the path of action (Karma): Karma is the belief in which, a persons fate is determined according to his deeds. Karma states that as you sow, so do you reap. The Bhagvad Gita preaches Karma Yoga (duties towards nations, organizations, family, etc). Karma in modern management can be interpreted as doing the right thing at the right time. Lord Krishna tells Arjuna, , Your only duty is to act (right to work) and not to hanker after the fruits (or the results) thereof. Neither the purpose of your actions nor the work should bind and blind you. To work is to worship with total non-attachment and selfless attitude. Krishna also tells him, Action is better than inaction. Without action, no one can survive. Respond in such a way that it does not bind but frees one from ignorance. Do all work as worship to God. Do everything to the best of your ability; suited to your ongoing environment. An emotional intelligent employee would interpret his emotions and follow the path of action. Excessive emotions like lust, greed and jealousy are bad karma. A manager who learns appropriate emotions is emotionally intelligent. Every action produces an emotional effect. Emotion is a motivating factor. Karma affects individuals and their external environment. An employee with good karma increases productivity at workplace and satisfaction of personal life. Being habituated to good karma an individual will strengthen the ability too cope with a situation. To be emotionally competent one must follow the path that is emotionally, spiritually and practically beneficial to humanity. Tackling emotional upsets effectively: Emotional upheaval affects productivity, effectiveness and self-image in both personal and professional life. When in exile, Draupadi is upset about the misconduct inflicted on her by the Kauravas and opens her heart to Lord Krishna. In response, she is told to be patient, optimistic and focused towards her aim, in order to enjoy the fruits in the future. It is important for employees to delay instant gratification of reacting to situations and respond when the environment is favourable. The Gita also sermonizes on dealing with stress. Stress is the cause of built up emotions and the apparent inability to meet challenges. The Bhagvad Gita says that stress is born when goals are made without keeping in mind capability and capacity, thinking that one is solely responsible for achieving the goal and by perceiving that without the result life would not be worth living. It says that great intelligence is needed to achieve a goal. Knowing ones inner-self will help eliminate selfish and egocentric existence and respond appropriate to situations. Pent up emotions must be expressed in a healthy environment. It is very important to express emotions. Good and bad experiences are important in order to understand life. With contrasting emotions like joy and sorrow, revenge and forgiveness, friendship and enmity one needs to strike a balance in expressing them. By learning to do so, the Gita indirectly directs individuals to be emotional intelligent. Emotions can be so overwhelming that it may take over human cognition and incognition. This is detrimental. The Bhagvad Gita thus guides employees to manage these emotions. If only we would confess Our Sins, Our Fears, Our Disagreements, Our Delusions, Our Weaknesses, etc., we could be cleansed from all unrighteousness. Such a situation maybe described as being emotionally intelligent in modern times. Emotional Intelligence Test There are various test to measure emotional intelligence. Given below are a few that are more popularly used: EI Measure Type Theoretical Framework EI Dimensions and Scale Mayer-Salovey- Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) Self-report questionnaire referenced against expert and consensus opinion Salovey Mayer (1990, 1997) Perception, appraisal, and expression of emotion Emotional facilitation of thinking Understanding and analysing emotional information Regulation and management of emotion Emotional Competence Inventory, Version 2 (ECI-2) Self-report questionnaire Goleman, (1995, 1998) Boyatzis, Goleman, Rhee (1999) Self-awareness Self-management Social awareness Social skills Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i) Self-report questionnaire Bar-On (1997) Intrapersonal Interpersonal Adaptation Stress management General mood Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (EIQ) Self-report questionnaire Dulewicz Higgs (1999, 2000) Self-awareness Emotional resilience Motivation Interpersonal sensitivity Influence Intuitiveness Conscientiousness Figure 4: Measures of Emotional Intelligence and Characteristics (McEnrue Groves, 2006) Emotional Intelligence in an Organisation A study conducted by TalentSmart in 2009, shows the link between emotional intelligence and job performance. The studied showed that: Emotional Intelligence alone explains 58% of a leaders job performance. 90% of top performers are high in emotional intelligence. Just 20% of low performers are high in emotional intelligence Various other studies highlight the importance of emotional intelligence in an organisation. Employees who have higher levels of emotional intelligence are associated with better performance. Research conducted by the Centre for Creative Leadership shows that emotionally intelligent employees have the following traits: Participative Management: It is important to build relationship skills in organizations and encourage value interdependency within and between groups. Participative management has the largest number of meaningful correlations with measures of emotional intelligence. Employees who are good listeners and consult others for their input before implementing change are likely to be assessed as good co-operators. They are able to find pleasure in life, able to foster relationships, control impulses, and understand their own emotions and the emotions of others. Putting People at Ease: Emotionally intelligent employees make others relaxed and comfortable in their presence. Putting people at ease is related to impulse control, which is the ability to delay gratification. Being able to behaviourally put people at ease has to do with controlling ones own impulses and emotions. Putting people at ease is related to happiness, suggesting that an individuals temperament is related to how comfortable people are around them. Self-Awareness: Emotionally intelligent employees have an accurate understanding of their strengths and weaknesses are thus are self-aware individuals. Self-awareness is related to impulse control and stress tolerance. An emotional outburst is not a characteristic of self-awareness. Others may draw conclusions about self-awareness from how one deals with difficult and challenging situations. Anxiousness interprets lack in self-awareness. Balance between Personal Life and Work: Emotionally intelligent employees know how to prioritise activities in their personal and professional life such that neither is neglected. Such employees reflect social responsibility, impulse control, and empathy. They give the impression that they are balanced, able to contribute to a group, control their impulses, and understand the emotions of others. Straightforwardness and Composure: Emotionally intelligent

Leadership :: essays research papers

Webster's Dictionary defines leadership as the position or guidance of a person or thing that leads, directing, commanding, or guiding head, as of a group or activity. However Leadership has not one single definition, but many. Leadership is often an intangible factor that makes one group more effective than another. It exists at different levels within organizations and should be woven throughout the entire organization. Different organizations use different ways in effectively teaching or molding their employees how to be an effective leader. One such company is the R.E. Brown Company and Associates, who have developed a yearlong program that is strictly used as a program to teach their employees how to become a more effective leader. They use what they believe as the Nine Behaviors of leaders. This program doesn't directly start off with the introduction of the nine behaviors, but of little tasks given to the participants. They are broken into small groups where they interact with each other, summarize common threads, and then present their findings to the larger group. Then once this has taken place they develop specific action plans to take back to their groups and from there on they work coherently together as a team. This develops a bond, and creates a model of team leadership, sharing, and reflection. Once this has happened then the teams are introduced to the nine behaviors of leadership where they discuss each one and try to use the information that they have gathered to take back to their own jobs were they can become even more successful then they have ever been before. The Nine Behaviors that develop exception leaders are: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Motivating others through adaptive leadership, who knows when to direct, coach, facilitate, or delegate, depending on the task and person. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Empowering others, which is a sort of delegation that will help you as a leader to control the situation with the help of others. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Encouraging teamwork, which is balancing results, process, and relationships. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Preparing people for change allowing you to understand their psychological responses and helping them to create a positive change with force-field analysis. 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vision/Mission, which establishes guidelines for accomplishing a specific goal. 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Using multiple options by allowing you to see different strategic possibilities and being open to more day-to-day options. 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Taking intelligent risks, relating decision-making to risks and getting consensus. 8.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stretching personal creativity that renews personal resources. 9.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Showing passion for work by demonstrating presence, inspiration, and energy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Each company has their own way of developing programs that center on ones ability to become an effective leader; this was just one aspect that I was able to find.

Trans-European Plastics.

Its French factory makes a range of over 500 products that are sold to wholesaler and large retailers throughout Europe. The company dispatches orders within 24 hours of receipts using an international carrier. All consumers would expect received their requirements in tull within one week. The manufacturing operation Is based on batch production, employing 24 large Injection molding machines.Mould changes (Set-ups') take on average three hours, at an estimated cost of ‚Â ¬ 500 per set-up. TEP had faced declining in delivery reliability, increased levels of flnlshed goods Inventory and falling productivity. Falling productlvlty apparently resulting from Split-betches' where only part of a planned production batch is produces to overcome immediate shortages. Because of current high demand for many products, the backlog of work for planned stock replenishment currently averages two weeks and so all factory orders must be planned far In advance.Recently. however, to minimize the t otal cost of set-ups and to maximize capacity utilization, all products are planned tor a minimum production run ot 20 ours. The factory operates on three seven-hour shift, Monday to Friday: 105 hours per week, for 50 weeks per year, Regular overtime, typically 15 hours on a Saturday, has been worked most of the last years. Sunday is never used for production, allowing access to machines for routines and major overhauls.Speculate on what the company's strategy appears to be. 6. Compute quality-sales indices and quality cost indices for each of the five years. Is it possible to access the effectiveness of the company's quality-management program from these index values? (10 Marks) 7. List several examples of each quality-related cost; that is, prevention, appraisal, and internal and external failure that might result from the production of TEP products. Improvement and Strategy 8. Adapt an Implementation of six-sigma breakthrough strategy for TEP.Explain each section of TEP six -sigm a clearly. 9. Anticipate if the cost of fuel increased by 25% per liter it would greatly affect the overall of TEP cost of production, price per unit product, and many more. Do estimation of increased in cost on few of TEP product. Some of the product may be above its acceptable price range. And suggest action needed to be taken by TEP to strategize its company. 10. If TEP needed to boost up the positioning in the manufacturing industries.

Problem Set 4 Essays - Economy, Gross Domestic Product, Unemployment

Problem Set 4 Essays - Economy, Gross Domestic Product, Unemployment Problem Set 4 1. Explain the concept of moral hazard in 3-4 sentences. It is a situation in which one party gets involved in a risky event knowing that it is protected against the risk and the other party will incur the cost. These situations are caused due to information asymmetry ( When both parties have incomplete information about each oth er ), and are ubiquitous. They a re caused due to hidden actions. For example : Taking big bets in a marketplace with your firm's capital because you have limited exposure to the downside but lots of exposure to the upside . 2. Explain the concept of adverse selection in 3-4 sentences. Adverse selection refers to a situation where sellers have information that buyers do not, or vice versa, about some aspect of product quality. In the case of insurance, adverse selection is the tendency of those in dangerous jobs or high-risk lifestyles to get life insurance . To fight adverse selection, insurance companies try to reduce exposure to large claims by limiting coverage or raising premiums. To overcome adverse selection, the following could be done : Signaling - adopting ways to ascertain the quality of the product such as issuing warranti es, third party verification. Screening -make efforts to learn more abou t the product or service . 3. What are the pros and cons of using GDP as a measure of a nation's well-being? Pros: GDP provides a better analysis or measure of economy activity through its growth rate and changes in an economy than any other existing measure. It summarizes a whole range of economic information in and determines the comparative strengths and weaknesses of various sectors. GDP serve as accurate barometer of the business climate, where it provides the government and business useful information to adjust in different kinds of contingency problems like recession and depression. GDP serve as a simple proxy for social and economic welfare. Cons: G DP does not include non-market activities. These activities are based on production and consumption that occur outside the market economy that does not have a price attached like unpaid house workers, volunteer work, barter and the illegal drug trade. It does not include domestic household products or black market. It does not consider how the wealth of a nation is distributed equally. For example , GDP provides an estimate of each person share of the market economy but, in reality some people share of the economy is greater than others. This level of unequal distribution of incomes and consumption and the incidence of poverty cannot be determined by tracking the GDP. Some GDP measured expenditures do not contribute to Economic Welfare. It does not account for any welfare loss or any negative events that results from an event such as a natural disaster environmental cleanup or reconstruction effort contributes to welfare and the GDP. It does not accurately reflect the wellbeing and the living standards of people. The performance of few top companies can skew the GDP figure (It is a mean). E.g. : While India is the 5 th largest economy in terms of GDP, a significant number of people still earn less than $2 a day and lead a difficult life. 4. Please listen to the following Planet Money podcast (titled "How Recalculating GDP Can Help App Designers In Nigeria", broadcast on 5/31/2013): http://wlrn.org/post/how-recalculating-gdp-can-help-app-designers-nigeria and answer the following questions: a. What are the arguments for restating Nigeria's GDP? The current Nigeria's GDP was calculated based on data collected in 1990. T here were significant developments o ver the last 2 decades . Many new industries such as telecommunications have sprung up. T he current GDP model did not capture the contributions from such fast-growing industries . So, they decided to upgrade by rebasing to a new year. This move would greatly help the country to borrow money at a low cost and invest in those sectors that further boost the economy. Further, this would also make Nigeria a target destination for investments. b. What are the arguments against restating Nigeria's GDP? If the GDP of Nigeria is restated, hence updated based on a new base year, Nigeria would become the largest econom y in the

Foreshadowing in Fiction Tricks to Keep Your Readers Guessing - Freewrite Store

Foreshadowing in Fiction Tricks to Keep Your Readers Guessing - Freewrite Store Types of Foreshadowing As literary devices go, foreshadowing is a technique that every writer needs to have in their toolbox. Everyone from literary greats like William Shakespeare and J.K. Rowling to screenplay masters like Alfred Hitchcock has used foreshadowing to create gripping plot twists that leave insightful readers (and viewers) experiencing that satisfying ‘ah-ha’ moment.If you’re not quite sure exactly what foreshadowing is, then here’s a definition: Foreshadowing creates tension or adds suspense to your story, by laying a kind of trail of breadcrumbs that your readers may (or may not) pick up on. If you’ve read a good novel recently, it’s likely that the author threw in some elements of foreshadowing. When you’re reading, foreshadowing is found in seemingly random or innocent scenes that only make sense when the plot begins to be resolved.When you’re writing, however, there’s nothing random or innocent about foreshadowing. You have to plan elements of foreshadowing so that they don’t appear too obvious - but nor do you want them to be so subtle that none of your readers pick up on the juicy breadcrumbs that you’re leaving for them. So, how does foreshadowing work when you’re writing? Types of Foreshadowing Every author has their own style of writing - so the exact way that you approach foreshadowing will depend on your style. However, there are two main types of foreshadowing that you can use in your stories - direct foreshadowing and indirect foreshadowing. Direct Foreshadowing If you want to keep your readers hooked, then direct foreshadowing is a great way to go about it. As its name implies, the kinds of hints (or breadcrumbs) you drop into your story are like little nuggets of information that prompt your readers to ponder about how those nuggets fit into the story and where they might ultimately lead. Clever and intuitive readers may even be able to guess how the plot will be resolved because of direct foreshadowing.Within direct foreshadowing, there are different subtypes that you can use, such as: Pre-scene This is a really popular type of foreshadowing. These scenes are often short and relatively downplayed, but reveal something that will turn out to be essential for a plot twist or resolution later in the story. Readers often become really adept at spotting the pre-scenes, so if you want to use these successfully you need to be careful not to give too much away. Effective pre-scenes convey necessary information but compel your readers to keep reading to either find out why the details are important or to see whether their suspicions are correct.For example, in your novel, you could have a scene that opens in a crowded bar. Your hero sits at the bar, enjoying his drink and the company of a beautiful young woman. Finishing his drink, your hero gets up to visit the restroom. Immediately, another man approaches the young woman and slips her a piece of paper before leaving the bar. Your hero returns, the couple leaves the bar. Your readers instinctively know that the young woman is either involved in something suspicious or not as innocent as she seems - they just don’t know what is going to come of it. Name Dropping If a character is later going to play a really important role in your story, or a particular place is going to be significant, name dropping can foreshadow the future events and signal to the reader that this character or place is important. They won’t know why it’s important, but it’s another breadcrumb that you’re leaving for them.For example, if you have your hero remark to another character that he’s going to visit a friend the next day, but doesn’t name the friend or the place, your readers wouldn’t really think much about it. If, on the other hand, your hero says, instead, that he’s meeting Charlie McGuiness at Holy Rood Chapel, then your readers are more likely to recognize these details as being in some way significant. Prophecy This is an old type of foreshadowing that has been used by the likes of Orson Welles and William Shakespeare. Essentially, it’s a way of directly telling your readers that there’s going to be a specific kind of dramatic event occurring at some point. Some writers see this is an outdated and counterintuitive practice, so it isn’t as common as it used to be - but it can still be powerful. You’re telling your readers that something specific is going to happen - but they don’t know when, or how, or what other surprises you have in store, so you keep them locked in a sense of anticipation.Here’s an example, from William Shakespeare’s Macbeth (Act 1, Scene 3): "All hail, Macbeth, thou shalt be king hereafter![†¦]Lesser than Macbeth, and greater.Not so happy, yet much happier.Thou shalt get kings, though thou be none:So all hail, Macbeth and Banquo!Banquo and Macbeth, all hail!" Indirect Foreshadowing If you’re more interested in subtlety than feeding your readers clues, then indirect foreshadowing is the way to go. You’re in control over the level of subtlety, and with this type of foreshadowing, although your readers may recognize the breadcrumbs as significant, they’re not likely to be able to figure out exactly what you’re hinting at. Personally, as both a reader and a writer, I find indirect foreshadowing more rewarding. In the modern age of social media, some direct foreshadowing looks more like clickbait and I prefer to be more subtle when I’m writing. Let’s look at some types of indirect (subtle) foreshadowing: Innocuous Statements These are the type of foreshadowing that may stick in your readers’ minds but only make sense when all is revealed later in the story. It’s less likely to cause your readers to be gripped, but when you have established yourself as a writer and have a following of fans, your fans will pride themselves on being able to spot the innocuous statements that you drop into your writing and try to guess what the outcome will be.Here’s an example of innocuous statements at work. In Star Wars: Episode II, Obi-Wan Kenobi remarks to Anakin Skywalker: â€Å"Why do I get the feeling, you will be the death of me?†. It’s only later in the series that the hidden foreshadowing makes sense. Pathetic Fallacy When I first came across this term I honestly had no idea what it could mean. Once I figured it out, however, it became one of my favorite subtle foreshadowing techniques. Pathetic fallacy refers to the way that you can give human emotions to things that are not human - like the weather, for example.There are tons of ways that you can use this technique to foreshadow future events. An icy gust of wind may be used to evoke a sense of foreboding or convey that something chilling is going to happen, for example. Likewise, a rainbow appearing during a ferocious storm may suggest that there is a change coming, or something more positive will emerge out of trouble.Charles Dickens uses the weather in Great Expectations to convey something of what the hero, Pip, is feeling. Can you figure out what Dickens is trying to foreshadow?:"So furious had been the gusts, that high buildings in town had had the lead stripped off their roofs; and in the country, trees had been torn up, and sails of wind mills carried away; and gloomy accounts had come in from the coast, of shipwreck and death." Object Placement Famously, Anton Chekhov once declared that â€Å"If in Act One you have a pistol hanging on the wall, then it must fire in the last act†. While he was undoubtedly referring to playwriting, the same applies to any kind of story - and, ultimately, this is a tool that can be used to foreshadow really effectively.What this means is that if you have something pretty huge happening late on in the story, you can foreshadow it really subtly by making some kind of allusion to it early on. In Chekhov’s example, you would put some kind of emphasis on a pistol that would later be pivotal to the plot. This is a hugely popular technique - you surely must have read a book (or ten) where there’s a mention of an object that doesn’t really seem to make total sense in the current scene, but then, later, you get that ah-ha moment of realizing, â€Å"oh, that’s why it was there!†There are different ways you can use this technique, too. Let’s look at a coup le of examples:ââ€"  Your hero is driving to the airport to pick up his fiance who is returning from an overseas business trip. He’s talking to his business partner on the phone and glances at the fuel gauge, which reads close to empty and then continues with his conversation. In this scene, it’s more the absence of something (i.e. a full fuel tank) that you’re foreshadowing. You could use this with medication bottles, or show your character forgetting an object, too.ââ€"  Your heroine is sitting at her desk in her university office, grading term papers. Her pen runs out, and she opens a drawer to get a new one. In the drawer, there’s an unopened envelope, yellow with age, with a name written on it. She closes the drawer quickly. Your readers will remember the letter - but they don't know why it’s important. Effective Use of Foreshadowing The type of foreshadowing that you use and the way that you use it will depend on what you want to achieve with it. Looking to build suspense? Then you should use more direct foreshadowing (so your reader’s don’t miss the clues). If you want to foreshadow a future event, however, it’s best to take a more subtle approach with indirect foreshadowing.One mistake that many writers make is using too much foreshadowing. A little bit of foreshadowing is better than a lot of it if you use it well. That means you need to get more selective about what you use foreshadowing for, and where in your story you use it.Major turning points in your story should be your foreshadowing priority. There are usually around 3 turning points in a story arc: the point at which your character’s life is affected by something in a significant way; the midpoint in the story arc where your character starts to question themselves in some existential kind of way; and the climax of the stor y.Generally, there will be more foreshadowing in the first half of your story, with the ‘ah-ha’ moments coming in the second half. One good means of getting a good balance (and making sure you’re not going overboard on the foreshadowing) is to use a plot diagram to pinpoint the best moments for foreshadowing for the major turning points in your story. Practice Your Technique for Gripping Foreshadowing Don’t expect to master foreshadowing instantly. Masters of suspense like Stephen King and Alfred Hitchcock perfected their craft over many years - so you should expect to spend time practicing your foreshadowing skills. It’s a good idea to try to identify foreshadowing when you’re reading your favorite authors’ novels, too, as that way you’re able to learn from the masters themselves. As you’re reading, ask yourself why their foreshadowing techniques are so effective and practice replicating the techniques yourself.Whether you prefer to use direct or indirect foreshadowing, you can keep your readers guessing and build your confidence until you are a master at foreshadowing, too.

Romanticism - Humanities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Romanticism - Humanities - Essay Example Other art forms carried the period into the second half of the nineteenth century. This extended chronological spectrum (1770-1870) also permits recognition as Romantic the poetry of Robert Burns and William Blake in England, the early writings of Goethe and Schiller in Germany, and the great period of influence for Rousseau's writings throughout Europe. 1 One of Ludwig van Beethoven's critiques wrote of his work, referring to the third symphony, as having romantic elements --powerful melodies and dramatic intensity.2 Barry Cooper, a noted Beethoven scholar, commented on The Choral Fantasy as having "a Romantic wilderness that easily obscures its ingeniously created design."3 He was speaking of the fact that The Choral Fantasy when it was first performed was done spontaneously. It stopped and restarted on more than one occasion. This is because Beethoven only wrote the full score a year later. 4 He was playing the Fantasy from the heart. As he was quoted saying, "I must write, for what weighs on my heart, I must express."5 Romanticism is a manner of self expression that comes from the heart. It must be spontaneous, using powerful melodies and creating dramatic intensities. This illusion of romantic wilderness is beautiful. Anne K. Anne K. Mellor a known critique of Mary Shelley notes one of the general themes of Frankenstein as "uncontrolled scientific advancement causes destruction."6 Man uses science to try to make a human being, and thus conquer nature.7 Instead a monster was created. Shelley explores the concept of what is beautiful and ugly. She concludes that the concept of what is beautiful is defined by society and to them Frankenstein is not. He is ugly, a monster. Shelley's reaction to this concept is expressive of her innermost feelings. She also shows negative sentiments about the way women were being restricted to the domestic realm. She does this by murdering many of the female characters.8 Mellor also points this out as one of the general themes of the novel.9 Romanticism is the expression of artists' inner feelings. The work should mirror the artists' vision of the world and be the instrument of the artists' imagination.10 The Social Contract written by Jean Jacques Roussau has as its theses, which can be found at the first sentence of the essay: "Man is born free but everywhere is in chains." He expounds on the nature of freedom. For him, "natural human beings are born completely self-sufficient and self-governing. But needing to interact with others, humans are forced to give up their liberties. He enters into a "social contract" in which the governed agree to be ruled only so that their rights, property and happiness must be protected by their rulers. Once rulers cease to protect the ruled, the social contract is broken and the governed are free to choose another set of governors or magistrates.11 He writes this in passionate rhetoric and is an expression of how he views the relationship of men with the state. Romanticism is the reaction of the writer to what he sees around him. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe wrote a work rich in contradictions and conflicts, entitled Faust: A Tragedy. "It is a Romantic masterwork precisely because it explores a wide variety of polar opposites without resolving them.

Macroeconomics. Price level Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Macroeconomics. Price level - Essay Example Economists have noted that in long run, inflation and unemployment becomes increasingly unrelated to each other. That means a change in the unemployment seems to have little or no effect on the inflation and vice versa. Inflation is also inversely proportional to the total consumer spending. As inflation goes up consumers are wary of spending and hold their purchases as dearly as possible. This is due to the fact that when prices rise there is also a hike in the expected price levels in the future that has an adverse effect on the consumer spending. When prices increase the consumer spending power comes down and disposable incomes are significantly lower. When unemployment is low and there is an increase in price level, wages will rise in response to higher prices. This is because in low unemployment situation, employees can successfully demand full compensation for the higher prices. This has spiralling effect on both the wages and general input costs along with the rate of inflation. All these factors tend to leapfrog each other under low unemployment. When unemployment is moderate, however, the employees will not be compensated in full and will have to settle for less, and so the wage costs do not rise as fast as prices when unemployment is high. ... This will stop the rise of the prices and rate of increase in inflation. Under full unemployment, the wage costs will be sufficiently low to hold the prices down and unless the regulatory authorities step in the market will go into a deflationary mode. In between the full and low rate of unemployment there is a certain level that's just high enough that costs and prices rise at the same level, so that inflation remains a stable level. (Pettinger). This unique rate of unemployment is called the non-accelerating-inflation rate of unemployment or NAIRU in short. Economists note that in developed economies such as Australia, the tendency of the rate of unemployment automatically has a tendency to reach the NAIRU rate of employment. Whenever there is inflationary pressure, the unemployment in the long term adjusts itself towards NAIRU rendering the short term Phillips curve invalid. The below figure shows that "an extra one percentage point of unemployment pushes the inflation rate down by about 0.4 percentage points in the following year--more in some years, less than others." (DeLong, 2002). Expectation of a price rise' & its impact on consumption spending: When inflation is on the rise and prices of commodities increases, it raises the expectation of the price level also. Initially higher inflation expectations can have an emotional effect because when consumers expect a generalized rise in prices across essential goods and services, then it makes them accelerate their spending to prevent paying higher prices later, providing a near-term increase in consumption. However provided the interest rates are not changed, the consumptions comes down as people adjust their spending to match their dispensable income until they