Three Components to the Justice System

of the justice system The Criminal Justice System James E. Boyd Strayer University Douglas Brinkley The Justice System Criminal Justice is a phrase that refers to the collection of the three criminal justice systems. The federal, state, and local public agencies deal with the crime problem. These agencies process suspects, defendants, and convicted offenders and are interdependent insofar as the decisions of one agency affect other agencies. The three components of criminal justice are Law Enforcement, Courts, and Corrections.While all independent, they all must work together towards a common goal. The goal is to establish order and peace for all citizens of this great nation. Police The first component of the criminal justice system, perhaps the most dangerous, is law enforcement. Police departments are public agencies whose purposes are to maintain order, enforce the criminal law, and provide services. This includes the local police as well as the federal and state departments.They head the criminal justice system because they are the ones that find and capture individuals who break the laws set forth by the state or federal government. Law enforcement personnel are also responsible for ensuring the cases are strong enough to stand up in court. They cooperate with prosecutors in criminal investigations, gathering evidence necessary to obtain convictions in the courts. Court The second component of the criminal justice system is the court.Courts are tribunals where persons accused of violating criminal law come to have their criminal responsibility determined by juries or judges. The court system includes prosecution, defense lawyers, judges, and juries. Judges hear the cases and preside over the participants to make sure that all laws are followed while the cases are being tried. Some cases are tried in front of a judge only, while others have a jury of 12 citizens who determine the guilt or innocence of a defendant based on facts brought forth during a trial .A jury may also make a recommendation of what a sentence should be. A judge ultimately decides a sentence unless there are pre-determined sentencing guidelines that need to be followed. Sentencing guidelines are more prevalent in the federal justice system. Corrections The third and final component of the criminal justice system is corrections. The role of this component is to uphold and administer sentences handed down by judges. Corrections include probation, parole, jail, prison, and a variety of new community-based sanctions, such as electronic monitoring and house arrest.The corrections system, which is tightly intertwined with the previous two components, is very important and quite large. The corrections component includes jails, prisons, correctional officers, probation officers and parole officers. The purposes of correctional agencies are to punish, to rehabilitate, and to ensure public safety. References. Schmalleger, Frank (2010) Criminal Justice Today (11th Edition) : An Introductory Text For The Twenty- First Century, Chapter 1, Pgs. 16 & 17. Judiciary Judiciary Police Police Corrections Corrections

Education in the World of Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Education in the World of Politics - Essay Example It can be recalled that the sovereign theory refers to the submission of individuals or a group to a one common sovereign who can protect them against violent death. This submission can also be looked at as a master-slave relationship where those who do not abide form the law is subjected to punishment. In this case, education is important since this is the means or the main tool for the followers and even for the leaders to know their duties and or responsibilities in the group or in the society where they belong. Hobbes also said that since humans are grounded to passions, it is important that humans know how to correctly reason out and that has something to do with logic. Also, with the basic idea that man lives for his own selfishness, there is always a tendency to act through emotion and therefore, with proper education, logic can be attained. On the other hand, there is also another idea from Plato about education. This has something to do with the "guardians" of the "just city." According to him, the guardians, in order for them not to use their power for their own benefits to rule over the people they are protecting, they should be properly educated to know not just their limitations but also their privileges.

The September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks - Essay Example The "four buildings" that did not collapse instantaneously sustained extensive damage from the rubbles and were finally demolished. At the same time, a different grouping of the same terrorist crashed "American Airlines Flight 77" into the "Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia" (Cable News Network, 2006). The fourth Airline, United Airline Flight 93, crashed into a field near the "town of Shankville in Somerset County, Pennsylvania" (Cable News Network, 2006). Besides the "nineteen hijackers" in the four separate incidences, "two thousand nine hundred and four" other individuals died immediately due to the direct attacks (Cable News Network, 2006). Moreover, the death of not less than one person was reported as a result of the "exposure to the dust" that resulted from the World Trade Centre. Moreover, another twenty persons are missing and assumed dead (Cable News Network, 2007). According to National Commission on Terrorist Attacks, chapter 5, the victims of this incidence were mo stly civilians. According to National Institute of Standards and Technology (2005) som... One building collapsed as a result of the impact of the rubble from the "twin towers" (National Institute of Standards and Technology, June 2004). The terrorists took control of the airplanes using "box-cutter knives and knives" where they killed flight attendants, pilot and the passenger s (National Institute of Standards and Technology, June 2004). They used "tear gas" or "pepper spray" to keep passengers out of the "first-class" cabin (Mike, 2004). Bomb threats were made on three of the aircraft, but not on American 77. According to the 9/11 Commission Report, the 'bombs" were probably fake. The 9/11 Commission further established that two of the hijackers had recently purchased "multi-function hand tools." The media as well as individuals gave "contradictory and unconfirmed" information (Michael, 2006). Out of the "two thousand nine hundred and seventy four" fatalities, 246 were aboard the plane, 125 were at the pentagon and 2, 603 were from New York. (Cable News Network, 2006). The 9/11 Commission reported that hundreds were killed instantaneously by the impact while others were trapped in the towers and died after it collapsed. According to the commission, about "eighteen people" managed to escape form the tower before it collapsed. Some people jumped from the "burning towers" and landed on the streets and rooftops of adjoining building many feet below (Dennis and Moore, 2002). Moreover, some people in the tower climbed to the roof in hope of rescue but there were no plan for a helicopter rescue. The doors leading to the roof were locked and severe heat as well as thick smoke engulfed the whole area such that it would have been impossible for a "helicopter to land" (CBS, 2004).

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example The person wanted to know if the problem seen from the perspective of the employee and their particular obligation to the larger organizational community. I was asked to explain the many issues linked to CSR. A second question raised was related to the commitment to CSR, and whether CSR is designed to help an organization to make a profit, whether it is truly concerned with the company’s degree of social commitment. Organizations are set up and designed in order to be profitable. In order to focus upon this they must of necessity publicize themselves in markets both local and worldwide. They can do this by undertaking various organizations undertake various procedures. Another reason why companies need to promote themselves is the competitive element. There will always be other companies who are trying to get the edge over them. CSR is a positive response to such pressures and will be accepted in a positive way. A number of research studies have revealed the positive propertie s of CSR and its good effects upon employees (Ali and Ali, 2011; Gross and Holland, 2011; Brammer, Millington and Rayton, 2007) and upon the wider community (Tang and Tang, 2007; Mohr, Webb and Harris, 2001; Moir, 2001).

Reflection and Evaluation of three Technologies Essay

Reflection and Evaluation of three Technologies - Essay Example Additionally, retrieval of content from the internet relies on flash player programs such as adobe. The technology was initially applicable through Smart sketch application because the designers focused on addressing the needs of varied platforms. The flash content files were stored in shock wave format. This allowed the programmers to use Action script language in encoding the graphics in different formats. Additionally, the programmers use flash editor to enrich web content when designing the application. The content can be encoded using java script format, and the extension .swf is used in storage format. Short wave extension makes images appear smaller in the flash player. The format increases flash images capacity to store huge volumes of data (Enticknap, 2005, p.1). The storage codes allow flash images to support different applications making it the preferred technology when disseminating and storing website contents. Evaluation The use of flash technology has led to advances i n computer graphics. It has enabled website developers to design interactive websites that stream data at faster speed. The component manipulates graphics and presents them in different version. The use of XML file is dominant in image edition. According to Enticknap (2005, p.34), the template stores the contents of the website before the transformation of the image. The technology manipulates the contents when designing images that are user friendly to the audience. Flash is a suitable technology that can access images online. Software developers use the technology when designing slideshows that enhance interactions with clients online. Computer programmers use flash image technology to encode information in auto script version. This saves storage capacity and time taken to retrieve flash images. Additionally, the technology uses small bandwidth when streaming information. This makes it compatible with various technological components such as Macromedia Flash MX that carries this a pplication. The compatibility of flash image technology allows web views to obtain information from different places. However, it is necessary to obtain a plug in feature when planning to view the web contents. Flash images application demand less from the users in terms of operational skills. Moreover, the applications are affordable and exude high performances. This has lead to the preference of technology in computer applications. Flash images are instrumental when enriching internet application. The technology enhances interactivity by combining graphics technology when coming up with interactive computer programs. Lastly, the feature supports multidirectional display of website content. HTML5 Technology Overview HTML5 is an assortment of web-based applications that are still evolving. The concept of HTML5 began after developers noticed various deficiencies in HTML4 and associated XHTML. These deficiencies ranged from minor syntactic incoherence to insufficient support of media presentations (Meyer, 2010, p.83). Consequently, recent developments within the HTML5 technology have targeted such defects to develop quickest advances that would improve the performance of internet technology. Developers are standardizing the HTML5 technology into simpler and less controversial pieces. The HTML5 is a technology that organizes and presents information of the World Wide Web.

Ford Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ford - Statistics Project Example Since1903, the company has produced motor vehicles in various categories such as cars, trucks, and even tractors. Through innovation and sustainable development, Ford has managed to stay afloat for a century and above while providing its clients with quality and affordable motor vehicles. It owns minority stakes in several other automobile makers. Apart from subsidiary ownership, Ford has also been able to buy and sell several other motor vehicle manufacturers over the years depending on its needs to expand its operations globally and maintain profitability. Nigeria, as the new target market has potential for success to Ford. Nigeria represents Africa’s largest economy with favourable demographics. Since Africa is still developing as a continent, expanding to Nigeria is likely to register success in the long run due to the purchasing power of its population. However, the country has had a tumultuous political past of civil wars. Currently, there is tension due to subversive ac tivities by the subversive militia known as Boko Haram. Company and environment analysis will help in the making of better informed decisions especially with regard to risk assessment and management (Singla, 2007). The analysis consists of PESTEL, SWOT, VRIO framework and Porters Five Forces model analysis. The result of these analyses significantly influences strategy formulation that follows thereafter. Beginning with PESTEL, the political environment takes significance. Even though there is political disturbance caused by the militia group (Boko Haram), there are likely no unbearable circumstances as oil exploration, mining and trade continue. It indicates that Ford can launch its operations and expect success as the government supports businesses are able to operate. Secondly, the economy is excellent for Ford to expand to Nigeria. As the largest economy in Africa and still growing, economic stability will definitely ensure that interest and exchange rates are

Emails Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Emails - Essay Example Use professional signatures, not elaborate ones. Signatures should contain information about yourself in relation to your position and department, and how you can be contacted (your cellphone number, extension number or direct line). Reply promptly and accordingly to messages that need a reply. This is to inform the sender that you have read and understood the message he has sent. However, be cautious when replying. Do not use the reply-to-all button if the information you are sending is for the sender only. Business e-mail addresses include the name of our company. Your signatures contain the name of our company. Be careful in sending out e-mails to people outside of your department and our company since our e-mail address is connected to the reputation of our company. You carry the name of your department and our company when sending out e-mails. You carry our reputation through sent messages. And it is important that we protect our company’s name so that our business will go on according to our mission, vision and goal. E-mails are part of doing our business. It is important that each one of us uses it with care and responsibility since it shows a glimpse of the policies and the communication style we have in our company. This policy serves as a reminder for everyone using e-mails. I hope that this would be a start of creating a new and more professional way of writing, sending out and replying to our e-mails. If you have any questions or clarifications, please do not hesitate to send back a reply. Emphasizing the importance of professionalism in using e-mails is the focal point of the policy. Since the e-mail is used as a major form of communication in companies, it is important to emphasize that it should be used with care. It is important to consider the reader and how he will react to an e-mail message by determining the appropriate language (Jerz & Bauer, 2008). Quality is