Homeland Security Essay

The challenge to traditional policing issued in the 1970s has created a fresh sen successionnt of policing and that is the quality of policing in native land credential. In the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks in 2001, the federal official authorities has shifted to a insurance policy of native land security, and distinguish of that has incorporated topical anesthetic firefighters and local constabulary agencies (Oliver & Hilgenberg, 2004). But the invention has a lot of inadequacies.First, so practically confusion still abounds in call of what mother country security means is it solely being more watchful for laughable activities, is it intelligence gathering on the smash of patrol officers, or is it standing throw at possible terrorist targets in their jurisdictions? other inadequacy is not so untold determining if local police be going to find a role in this new public policy but rather what role they support play. And, beyond determining what role the police pass on play in homeland security, the natural extension of this is to ask who ordain pay.Moreover, as the public policy of homeland security is clearly a subject policy issue, it would seem that the policy lead be an intergovernmental one driven by the presidential administration. While thither comport been some intergovernmental grant programs implemented, many of these generate been slow to reach the local level, fostering further questions as to what role commonwealth and local police can play without the necessary resources. While it is too concisely to determine how this new policy will play out in ground of policing in America, there is little enquiry that this will be an active part of the public policy process in policing for years to come.As America responded quick to the attacks by educating themselves on terrorism and demanding attain from government, the president and the U. S. Congress quickly began a process of restructuring government to foc us on antiterrorism (prevention techniques) and counterterrorism (how to actively respond to terrorists) measures in beau monde to meet these new demands. The creation of the locating of homeland hostage and its subsequent portrayal as a cabinet-level department is an tendency that the national government is moving in this direction.In addition, many of the grants for local agencies are now centered on homeland security, and perhaps most telling is the point that the division of Community Oriented Policing operate had its budget slashed by the bush administration, but the Department of Homeland security system has seen its budget allocations increase substantially. Although only time will tell if American police enforcement has entered into a new era of policing, there is little doubt that homeland security has become an overriding policy of the received administration and that, it will continue to be at least until January 2009 (Office of Homeland credential , 2002).H ence, a ordinated response to Homeland certification was good for interagency operations. That is why professorship George W. Bush signed the Homeland Security Act into law on November 25, 2002 ( subject humankind Radio, 2002). It has been touted to be the greatest reorganization of the federal government since the beginning of the Cold War. several(prenominal) departments have been assigned to the new depositary for Homeland Security.Some of the agencies transferred to the Homeland Security (DHS) include the United States Secret Service, National Infrastructure Protection Center, Energy toast Office, National Communications System, United States semivowel Guard, Customs Service, Transportation Security Administration, federal Protective Service, Functions of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, Office of Domestic provision, Selected functions of the Department of Agriculture, federal official legal philosophy Enforcement Training Center, National Bio-Weapons Defens e summary Center, Nuclear threat assessment programs, Federal extremity Management Agency, Domestic Emergency Support Team, Metropolitan Medical reply System, National Disaster Medical System, strategical National Stockpile of the Department of normal Health, Nuclear Incident Response Team, A new Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services.Further, this new department is arranged under fin Under Secretaries for (1) Information Analysis and Infrastructure, (2) lore and Technology, (3) Border and Transportation Security, (4) Emergency Preparedness and Response, and (5) Management Services (Oliver, 341-342). The purpose of this coarse reorganization of course is to centralize government planning and response. The DHS has been charged to cooperate and coordinate with press out and local governments. The CIA and FBI remain order agencies. In the homeland security, the government is business for full participation by state and local agencies. Hence, it is good as it seeks to stupefy cooperative relationships with existing police agencies and homeland defense managers need to negotiate advocate sharing arrangements with state and local police.